Protein profile biomarker as bio indicator for aquatic pollution in Hila river, Iraq

Abstract

The freshwater species found in the Hilla River's water quality were assessed in the current study using a number of
environmental biomarkers (molecular). Freshwater mussels (Sesarma boulengeri, Unio tigridis) and two kinds of fish
(Tilapia zilli - Aspius vorax) were also collected throughout the six-month study period at three places along the Hilla River
(from the Sinjar area to the north of the city to the Hashemia). When the level of statistical analysis was significant (p 0.05),
there were significant links to the level of protein in the species of fish that were observed. The results of (physical and
chemical parameters) were refers to that in three sites that more different, especially were in second site which was more
pollutant. In addition to the moral distinctions between the locations, this also relates to the variance in water quality
between them. As a result, the protein rate (expressed by the protein's Kda molecular weight) appeared. Several proteins
were studied: Heat shock protein, 75 KDa as a response to stressors, and troponin, 180 KDa to 220 KDa, respectively, but
in T. zilli, 28 KDa polypeptide as (rainbow trout by N-terminal), cortisol, 17 KDa, and Lysozyme, 17 KDa. Plasma
membrane Ca ATPase 130 KDa and hemocynin 75 KDa are found in Sesarma boulengeri.Carbonic anyhydrase 28 KDa and
apomyglobin 17 KDa in Uniotigridis. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the molecular weight of the proteins that
appeared (protein profile, unknown proteins), for use in assessing the river's water quality.